Nisaa
Women should resume their prayers when they observe Tuhr (purity).
Scholars agree that if a menstruating woman becomes pure before a prayer time ends, she must perform that prayer. However, they differ on the required minimum time for this obligation. The Shafi'i, Hanafi, and Hanbali schools hold that if she becomes pure before the time ends, even with just enough time for Takbir al-Ihram (the opening Takbir), she must make up the prayer. According to the Maliki school, this obligation is conditioned on having enough time to perform five Rak'ahs before sunset or dawn; otherwise, she should only pray the current prayer.
Regarding prayers before sunset or dawn, scholars have differed on whether women should pray the prayer that was before them or not.
The Maliki, Shafi'i, and Hanbali schools require making up both prayers. However, the Malikis specify that there must be enough time after purification to perform an extra rak'ah beyond the current prayer. If she becomes pure before Maghrib with time for five rak‘ahs, Dhuhr and Asr must be made up. If she becomes pure before Fajr with time for four rak‘ahs Maghrib and Isha must be made up.
Ibn Qudaamah (Rahimahullah), said: "If menstruation ended, the disbeliever embraced Islam or the young reached the age of puberty before sunset, they have to pray Duhr and ‘Asr prayers. They also have to pray the Maghrib and Ishaa prayers if their state is changed before dawn.” This opinion was narrated from prominent Companions and scholars, including ‘Abdur-Rahman ibn 'Awf, Ibn ‘Abbas, Maalik and Ash-Shaafi‘i.
Explaining the reasoning behind this view, Imam Ibn Qudaamah states that “the time of the second prayer (i.e. Asr and Isha'a) is considered an extension for the first prayer (i.e. Zuhr and Maghrib) for those who have an excuse.”.
Hanafi scholars have a different opinion. They argued that each prayer is independent in its designated time, and that the time for the first prayer had passed before she became eligible to pray, and thus, she is excused.